April 28, 2026

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How do You Prove that You are Disabled

Strategy for Winning Claims Arising from Long Term HIV Infection

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Social Security disability claimants seeking SSDI or SSI benefits based on a long term HIV infection can be approved if they present evidence of complications that will preclude competitive work.   Remember that Social Security defines disability in terms of how your impairment would likely impair your capacity to perform the demands of minimally demanding work.

SSA’s treatment of HIV claims has changed significantly over the past 15 years.  In the 1990s and early 2000’s, most judges felt that HIV was a precursor to AIDS and generally treated HIV infections and AIDS as one in the same.   These cases were usually approved fairly quickly.

About 10 years ago, judge took notice of advances in medical science that allowed people infected with HIV to suppress
the virus and lead apparently normal lives.  HIV was then treated similar to Hepatitis – an active, un-curable condition but one that need not prevent a claimant from working for years at a time.

AIDS, by contrast, was usually approved based on Listing 14.08.

Over the last 4 to 5 years, however, Social Security judges have become more open to the idea that HIV often does
create complications that, when considered as a whole, can prevent an afflicted person from working.  Complications that seem to resonate most with judges include:

  • chronic infections
  • non-healing fissures in the body
  • boils
  • fatigue
  • weight loss
  • pain
  • depression

In my practice I have had success representing claimants with HIV who exhibit these symptoms and medication side effects
and who have support from a treating physician.

You can find more information about strategies I use in HIV claims as well as many other types of impairments on my law firm web site.

Work Attempts Before and After a Finding of Disability

Social Security has a stated goal of encouraging disabled claimants to return to work. However, as a practical matter, work attempts are treated very differently depending on where you are in the process. While you are waiting for your decision, work attempts can help your case (if these attempts are short and unsuccessful) or they can cause a judge to conclude that you are not disabled and do have the capacity for work.

After you are found disabled, my experience has been that Social Security is much more forgiving in terms of both the length of your work attempts and the type of work you may try.

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How to Win Your Back Pain Case in a Social Security Disability Hearing

Social Security judges see more back pain cases than any other impairment. Because of this, you need to do whatever you can to make your case stand out. If you come to your hearing with vague complaints that your lower back “hurts all the time,” that you “can’t lift very much” and that you “can’t sit very long” you are going to lose. Judges expect to see MRI or CT scan reports, support from a treating doctor, on-going treatment records, and specific testimony from you about what you can and cannot do.

In this video I discuss how I approach back pain cases and some specific steps you can take to improve your chances at winning.

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What is a “Closed Period of Disability” and Should You ask for it?

Sometimes the evidence in a Social Security disability claim does not support a finding of on-going disability.  Sometimes the medical record documents improvement in your condition and sometimes there simply is not evidence – often because you may not have the money to afford treatment.  While some judges will give disability claimants the benefits of the doubt, other judges will not and you should have a “plan B” if your judge expresses concern about whether your medical record supports your claim.

Sometimes it can make sense to consider asking the judge for a “closed period of disability.”  In this video, I explain what closed period is and why it can sometimes be a good strategy. I also discuss a recent case I tried in which my client will be approved for a closed period.

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